Compare Seychelles (2002) - French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2004)

Compare Seychelles (2002) z French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2004)

	Seychelles (2002)	French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2004)

Administrative divisions	23 administrative districts; Anse aux Pins, Anse Boileau, Anse Etoile, Anse Louis, Anse Royale, Baie Lazare, Baie Sainte Anne, Beau Vallon, Bel Air, Bel Ombre, Cascade, Glacis, Grand' Anse (on Mahe), Grand' Anse (on Praslin), La Digue, La Riviere Anglaise, Mont Buxton, Mont Fleuri, Plaisance, Pointe La Rue, Port Glaud, Saint Louis, Takamaka	none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 districts named Ile Crozet, Iles Kerguelen, and Iles Saint-Paul et Amsterdam; excludes "Adelie Land" claim in Antarctica that is not recognized by the US
Age structure	0-14 years: 27.8% (male 11,238; female 11,002) 15-64 years: 66% (male 25,763; female 27,086) 65 years and over: 6.2% (male 1,667; female 3,342) (2002 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	coconuts, cinnamon, vanilla, sweet potatoes, cassava (tapioca), bananas; broiler chickens; tuna fish	-
Airports	14 (2001)	none
Airports - with paved runways	total: 7 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 2 (2002)	-
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 4 (2002)	-
Area	total: 455 sq km land: 455 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 7,829 sq km land: 7,829 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ile Amsterdam, Ile Saint-Paul, Iles Crozet and Iles Kerguelen; excludes "Adelie Land" claim of about 500,000 sq km in Antarctica that is not recognized by the US
Area - comparative	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly less than 1.3 times the size of Delaware
Background	A lengthy struggle between France and Great Britain for the islands ended in 1814, when they were ceded to the latter. Independence came in 1976. Socialist rule was brought to a close with a new constitution and free elections in 1993.	The Southern Lands consist of two archipelagos, Iles Crozet and Iles Kerguelen, and two volcanic islands, Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul. They contain no permanent inhabitants and are visited only by researchers studying the native fauna. The Antarctic portion consists of "Adelie Land," a thin slice of the Antarctic continent discovered and claimed by the French in 1840.
Birth rate	17.27 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $249 million expenditures: $262 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.) (1998 est.)	-
Capital	Victoria	-
Climate	tropical marine; humid; cooler season during southeast monsoon (late May to September); warmer season during northwest monsoon (March to May)	antarctic
Coastline	491 km	1,232 km
Constitution	18 June 1993	-
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Seychelles conventional short form: Seychelles	conventional long form: Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands conventional short form: French Southern and Antarctic Lands local long form: Territoire des Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises local short form: Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises
Currency	Seychelles rupee (SCR)	-
Death rate	6.57 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	-
Debt - external	$240 million (1999 est.)	-
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of France since 1955; administered from Paris by Administrateur Superieur Michel CHAMPON (since 20 December 2004), assisted by Secretary General Jean-Yves HERMOSO (since NA)
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Seychelles; the ambassador to Mauritius is accredited to the Seychelles	none (overseas territory of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Claude Sylvestre MOREL chancery: 800 Second Avenue, Suite 400C, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 972-1785 FAX: [1] (212) 972-1786	none (overseas territory of France)
Disputes - international	claims the Chagos Archipelago (UK-administered British Indian Ocean Territory)	French claim to "Adelie Land" in Antarctica is not recognized by the US
Economic aid - recipient	$16.4 million (1995) (1995)	-
Economy - overview	Since independence in 1976, per capita output in this Indian Ocean archipelago has expanded to roughly seven times the old near-subsistence level. Growth has been led by the tourist sector, which employs about 30% of the labor force and provides more than 70% of hard currency earnings, and by tuna fishing. In recent years the government has encouraged foreign investment in order to upgrade hotels and other services. At the same time, the government has moved to reduce the dependence on tourism by promoting the development of farming, fishing, and small-scale manufacturing. The vulnerability of the tourist sector was illustrated by the sharp drop in 1991-92 due largely to the Gulf war and once again following the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks on the US. Other issues facing the government are the curbing of the budget deficit, including the containment of social welfare costs, and further privatization of public enterprises. Growth slowed in 1998-2001, due to sluggish tourist and tuna sectors. Also, tight controls on exchange rates and the scarcity of foreign exchange have impaired short-term economic prospects. The black market value of the Seychelles rupee is half the official exchange rate; without a devaluation of the currency the tourist sector should remain sluggish as vacationers seek cheaper destinations such as Comoros, Mauritius, and Madagascar.	Economic activity is limited to servicing meteorological and geophysical research stations and French and other fishing fleets. The fish catches landed on Iles Kerguelen by foreign ships are exported to France and Reunion.
Electricity - consumption	148.8 million kWh (2000)	-
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2000)	-
Electricity - production	160 million kWh (2000)	-
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne Seychellois 905 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Ross on Iles Kerguelen 1,850 m
Environment - current issues	water supply depends on catchments to collect rainwater	NA
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol	-
Ethnic groups	mixed French, African, Indian, Chinese, and Arab	-
Exchange rates	Seychelles rupees per US dollar - 5.7458 (January 2002), 5.8575 (2001), 5.7138 (2000), 5.3426 (1999), 5.2622 (1998), 5.0263 (1997)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: President France Albert RENE (since 5 June 1977); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President France Albert RENE (since 5 June 1977); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 31 August-2 September 2001 (next to be held NA 2006) election results: France Albert RENE reelected president; percent of vote - France Albert RENE (SPPF) 54.19%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN (UO) 44.95%, Philippe BOULLE 0.86%; note - the first time that presidential elections have been held separately from legislative elections	-
Exports	$182.6 million f.o.b. (2001)	-
Exports - commodities	canned tuna, cinnamon bark, copra, petroleum products (reexports)	-
Exports - partners	UK 48.1%, Italy 23.1%, France 14.8%, Netherlands 2.7% (1999)	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	-
Flag description	five oblique bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, red, white, and green (bottom) radiating from the bottom of the hoist side	the flag of France is used
GDP	purchasing power parity - $605 million (2001 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 3% industry: 26% services: 71% (1999) (1999)	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $7,600 (2001 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	1.5% (2001 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	4 35 S, 55 40 E	43 00 S, 67 00 E
Geography - note	40 granitic and about 50 coralline islands	islands component is widely scattered across remote locations in the southern Indian Ocean
Highways	total: 280 km paved: 176 km unpaved: 104 km (1997)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	$360.2 million f.o.b. (2001)	-
Imports - commodities	machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals	-
Imports - partners	Italy 13.3%, South Africa 10.7%, France 9.9%, UK 8.0%, Singapore 7.7% (1999)	-
Independence	29 June 1976 (from UK)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	fishing; tourism; processing of coconuts and vanilla, coir (coconut fiber) rope, boat building, printing, furniture; beverages	-
Infant mortality rate	16.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	6.1% (2001 est.)	-
International organization participation	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Court of Appeal; Supreme Court; judges for both courts are appointed by the president	-
Labor force	30,900 (1996) (1996)	-
Labor force - by occupation	industry 19%, services 71%, agriculture 10% (1989) (1989)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 2.22% permanent crops: 13.33% other: 84.45% (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)
Languages	English (official), French (official), Creole	-
Legal system	based on English common law, French civil law, and customary law	the laws of France, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (34 seats - 25 elected by popular vote, 9 allocated on a proportional basis to parties winning at least 10% of the vote; members serve five-year terms) elections: last held 4-6 December 2002 (next held by 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - SPPF 54.3%, SNP 42.6%, DP 3.1%; seats by party - SPPF 23, SNP 11 note: the 9 awarded seats are apportioned according to the percentage that each party won of the total vote	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 70.97 years male: 65.48 years female: 76.63 years (2002 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 58% male: 56% female: 60% (1971 est.)	-
Location	Eastern Africa, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, northeast of Madagascar	southeast of Africa, islands in the southern Indian Ocean, about equidistant between Africa, Antarctica, and Australia; note - French Southern and Antarctic Lands include Ile Amsterdam, Ile Saint-Paul, Iles Crozet, and Iles Kerguelen in the southern Indian Ocean, along with the French-claimed sector of Antarctica, "Adelie Land"; the US does not recognize the French claim to "Adelie Land"
Map references	Africa	Antarctic Region
Maritime claims	contiguous zone: 24 NM continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm from Iles Kerguelen (does not include the rest of French Southern and Antarctic Lands)
Merchant marine	total: 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 7,086 GRT/10,192 DWT ships by type: cargo 2 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: South Africa 2 (2002 est.)	total: 70 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 3,092,387 GRT/5,056,658 DWT by type: bulk 4, cargo 2, chemical tanker 19, container 11, liquefied gas 7, petroleum tanker 14, roll on/roll off 11, vehicle carrier 2 foreign-owned: Denmark 2, France 49, Japan 4, Monaco 5, Norway 5, Sweden 5 (2004 est.)
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	Army, Coast Guard (includes Air Wing), Presidential Protection Unit (includes Presidential Guard), Police Force (includes Police Mobile Unit, a special weapons and tactics unit capable of assisting the Army in maintaining internal stability)	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$11 million (FY01)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	1.8% (FY01)	-
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 23,210 (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 11,554 (2002 est.)	-
National holiday	Constitution Day (National Day), 18 June (1993)	-
Nationality	noun: Seychellois (singular and plural) adjective: Seychellois	-
Natural hazards	lies outside the cyclone belt, so severe storms are rare; short droughts possible	Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul are extinct volcanoes
Natural resources	fish, copra, cinnamon trees	fish, crayfish
Net migration rate	-5.99 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	Democratic Party or DP [James MANCHAM]; Seychelles National Party or SNP (formerly the United Opposition or UO) [Wavel RAMKALAWAN]; Seychelles People's Progressive Front or SPPF [France Albert RENE] - the governing party	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	Roman Catholic Church; trade unions	-
Population	80,098 (July 2002 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants (July 2002 est.) note: in 2002, there were 145 researchers whose numbers vary from winter (July) to summer (January) (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	0.47% (2002 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Victoria	none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 2 (1998)	-
Radios	42,000 (1997)	-
Railways	0 km (2003)	-
Religions	Roman Catholic 86.6%, Anglican 6.8%, other Christian 2.5%, other 4.1%	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.5 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	-
Suffrage	17 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: effective system domestic: radiotelephone communications between islands in the archipelago international: direct radiotelephone communications with adjacent island countries and African coastal countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)	-
Telephones - main lines in use	19,635 (1997)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	16,316 (1999)	-
Television broadcast stations	2 (plus 9 repeaters) (1997)	-
Terrain	Mahe Group is granitic, narrow coastal strip, rocky, hilly; others are coral, flat, elevated reefs	volcanic
Total fertility rate	1.81 children born/woman (2002 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	NA%	-
Waterways	none	-

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